Aminophylline has been used extensively in acute asthma, but its role is unclear especially with respect to any additional benefit when added to b2-agonists. Fifteen trials were eligible for inclusion in this review, although the quality of the studies was only moderate. When added to b2-agonists, there was no statistically significant effect of aminophylline on airflow measurements at any time period. Subgroup analysis found no difference in mean airflow by use of corticosteroids.